/*!
 * \file PatternDetector.h
 * \date 2018/03/23
 *
 * \author Lin, Chi
 * Contact: lin.chi@hzleaper.com
 *
 *
 * \note
*/

#ifndef __PatternDetector_h_
#define __PatternDetector_h_

#include "StdUtils.h"
#include "CVUtils.h"

#include "PatternDescriptor.h"
#include "CyclopsLock.h"
#include "DetectRoi.h"
#include "CyclopsModules.h"

struct PeakPatternParamPack;
enum PeakAlgoAccLevel;

/*! \brief Locate single or multiple instances of the trained pattern in the given image and ROI.
*
* 1) If you are using Cyclops as static library,
* 1.1) and you want global factory to manage the trained pattern and detector for you, initialize the detector
* via PatternDetector::getInstance().
* Example:
* \code{.cpp}
* PatternDetector::Ptr detectorPtr = PatternDetector::getInstance("detect sth");
* if (!detectorPtr->isTrained()) { // do training if not trained yet
*    bool ret = detectorPtr->train(trainImg);
*    if (!ret) return false;
* }
* detectorPtr->setScale(0); // no scale
* detectorPtr->setAngle(15); // -15 ~ +15
* Vec4f pose; // result pose
* float bestScore = detectorPtr->detectBest(detectImg, roiVertexes, pose);
*
* // delete it later
* PatternDetector::deleteInstance("detect sth");
* \endcode
*
* 1.2) or, if you wish to manage the detector yourself:
* \code{.cpp}
* PatternDetector::Ptr detectorPtr = std::make_shared<PatternDetector>(); // remember to hold the smart pointer
* // balabala, same as above
* // ...
* \endcode
*
* 2) If you are using Cyclops as dynamic library,
* initialize and manipulate the detector via CyclopsModules APIs.
* Example:
* \code{.cpp}
* // get a long-term detector, and give it an unique name
* PatternDetector::Ptr pdPtr = GetModuleInstance<PatternDetector>("detect sth");
* // get for temporary usage
* PatternDetector::Ptr pdPtr = GetModuleInstance<PatternDetector>();
* \endcode
*
* see SinglePatternTest and MultiPatternTest for unit test
*/
class PatternDetector : public ICyclopsModuleInstance
{
	/*! \fn setACThres
	* Define minimum acceptable score, 0 to 100, default to 70, see also getACThres()
	* \fn getACThres
	* Get value of minimum acceptable score, see also setACThres()
	*/
	DECLARE_PARAMETER2(int, ACThres, 0, 100)
	/*! \fn setCoarseACThres
	 * Define minimum acceptable score to filter result in early stage, default to 0, means we'll decide it by training.
	 * Works when turn on strict-scoring, we'll use this score to filter candidates first 
	 * see also getCoarseACThres()
	 * \fn getCoarseACThres
	 * Get value of minimum accpetable score in coarse stage, see also setCoarseACThres()
	 */
	DECLARE_PARAMETER2(int, CoarseACThres, 0, 100)
	/*! \fn setAngle
	* Define angle range for matching search, 0 to 180, default to 15 means +-15, see also getAngle()
	* \fn getAngle
	* Get value of angle range for matching search, see also setAngle()
	*/
	DECLARE_PARAMETER2(int, Angle, 0, 180)
	/*! \fn setScale
	* Define scale range for matching search, 0 to 50, default to 1 means 99% to 101%, see also getScale()
	* \fn getScale
	* Get value of scale range for matching search, see also setScale()
	*/
	DECLARE_PARAMETER2(int, Scale, 0, 50)
	/*! \fn setOverlap
	* Define minimum overlap percentage of each pattern for matches, 1 to 100, default to 50 means 50%, see also getOverlapa()
	* \fn getOverlap
	* Get value of minimum overlap percentage of each pattern for matches, see also setOverlapa()
	*/
	DECLARE_PARAMETER2(int, Overlap, 1, 100)
	/*! \fn setIgnorePolarity
	* Define whether to ignore polarity for matches, default to false, see also getIgnorePolarity()
	* \fn getIgnorePolarity
	* Get whether to ignore polarity for matches, see also setIgnorePolarity()
	*/
	DECLARE_PARAMETER(bool, IgnorePolarity)
	/*! \fn setIgnoreMissing
	 * Define whether to ignore missing part for scoring, default to true, see also getIgnoreMissing()
	 * \fn getIgnoreMissing
	 * Get value of whether to ignore missing part for scoring, see also setIgnoreMissing()
	 */
	DECLARE_PARAMETER(bool, IgnoreMissing)
	/*! \fn setXOffset
	* Define x offset of matches, default to 0, see also getXOffset()
	* \fn getXOffset
	* Get value of x offset of matches, see also setXOffset(), setOffset()
	*/
	DECLARE_PARAMETER(float, XOffset)
	/*! \fn setYOffset
	* Define y offset of matches, default to 0, see also getYOffset()
	* \fn getYOffset
	* Get value of y offset of matches, see also setYOffset(), setOffset()
	*/
	DECLARE_PARAMETER(float, YOffset)
	/*! \fn setThreadNum
	* Define maximum thread number we could use for detection, default to -1 for no limiatation, see also getThreadNum()
	* \fn getThreadNum
	* Get value of maximum thread number we could use for detection, see also setThreadNum()
	*/
	DECLARE_PARAMETER(int, ThreadNum)
	/*! \fn setDetailLevel
	* Define level of detail of trained pattern template, 0 to 1, default 0.5, higher for more detail, see also getDetailLevel()
	* \fn getDetailLevel
	* Get value of level of detail of trained pattern template, see also setDetailLevel()
	*/
	DECLARE_PARAMETER2(float, DetailLevel, 0, 1)
	/*! \fn setAccLevel
	* Define accuracy level of the algorithm, default to -1 means hardcoded defaults, see also getAccLevel()
	* Note: this value only works for PeakPattern.
	* \fn getAccLevel
	* Get value of accuracy level of the algorithm, see also setAccLevel()
	*/
	DECLARE_PARAMETER(int, AccLevel)
	/*! \fn setCoarseStepX
	 * Define coarse stage along x axis (horizontally), 1 to 16, default to 0,
	 * means use default values related to accuracy level and hardware concurrency, see also getCoarseStepX()
	 * \fn getCoarseStepX
	 * Get value of coarse stage along x axis (horizontally), see also setCoarseStepX()
	 */
	DECLARE_PARAMETER2(int, CoarseStepX, 0, 16)
	/*! \fn setCoarseStepY
	 * Define coarse stage along y axis (vertically), 1 to 16, default to 0,
	 * means use default values related to accuracy level and hardware concurrency, see also getCoarseStepY()
	 * \fn getCoarseStepY
	 * Get value of coarse stage along y axis (horizontally), see also setCoarseStepY()
	 */
	DECLARE_PARAMETER2(int, CoarseStepY, 0, 16)
	/*! \fn setEnableDetectMutex
	 * Define whether to enable the mutex in detection, default to true, see also getEnableDetectMutex()
	 * If turn it off, user need to be careful of the multi-threading problem, in case too much threads are created at one time.
	 * \fn getEnableDetectMutex
	 * Get value of whether to enable the mutex in detection, see also setEnableDetectMutex()
	 */
	DECLARE_PARAMETER(bool, EnableDetectMutex)
	/*! \fn setBias
	 * Define whether detection will prefer 0-angle and 1-scale, the algorithm will start searching from biased value and stop early if score decreased.
	 * default to false, see also getBias()
	 * \fn getBias
	 * Get value of whether detection will prefer 0-angle and 1-scale, see also setBias()
	 */
	DECLARE_PARAMETER(bool, Bias)
	/*! \fn setUseCache
	 * Define whether to use cache to store some internal structure, default to true, see also getUseCache()
	 * It will speed-up the detection while consume extra memory depending on your search angle and scale. Accuracy is not affected.
	 * \fn getUseCache
	 * Get value of whether to use cache to store some internal structure, see also setUseCache()
	 */
	DECLARE_PARAMETER(bool, UseCache)
	/*! \fn setStrictScore
	 * Define whether to re-score the detect results on original source image, default to false, see also getStrictScore()
	 * \fn getStrictScore
	 * Get value of whether to re-score the detect results on original source image, see also setStrictScore()
	 */
	DECLARE_PARAMETER(bool, StrictScore)
	/*! \fn setGrayValueWeight
	 * Define the weight of gray value score in detection, 0 ~ 100, default to 0, see also getGrayValueWeight()
	 * \fn getGrayValueWeight
	 * Get value of the weight of gray value score in detection, see also setGrayValueWeight()
	 */
	DECLARE_PARAMETER2(int, GrayValueWeight, 0, 100)

public:
	PatternDetector()
		: mACThres(70), mCoarseACThres(0),
		mAngle(15),
		mScale(1),
		mOverlap(50), mIgnorePolarity(false), mIgnoreMissing(true), mXOffset(0), mYOffset(0),
		mThreadNum(0), mDetailLevel(0.5), mAccLevel(-1),
		mCoarseStepX(0), mCoarseStepY(0), mEnableDetectMutex(true), mBias(false), mUseCache(true), mStrictScore(false),
		mGrayValueWeight(0)
	{}
	virtual ~PatternDetector() {}

	/*! \fn serializeToMemory
	 * Serialize the pattern detector into a in-memory string, see also deserializeFromMemory()
	 * @param str used to take the output serialization result
	 * @return true for succeed, false for fail
	 * \fn serializeToFile
	 * Serialize the pattern detector into a text file, see also deserializeFromFile()
	 * @param filename file name (full path) where we will write the data
	 * @return true for succeed, false for fail
	 * \fn deserializeFromMemory
	 * Deserialize the pattern detector from in-memory string, see also serializeToMemory()
	 * @param str in-memory string
	 * @return true for succeed, false for fail
	 * \fn deserializeFromFile
	 * Deserialize the pattern detector from a text file, see also serializeToFile()
	 * @param filename file name (full path) where we will read the data
	 * @return true for succeed, false for fail
	*/
	DECL_SERIALIZE_FUNCS

	//! Smart pointer to hold an instance of PatternDetector
	typedef std::shared_ptr<PatternDetector> Ptr;
	DECL_GET_INSTANCE(PatternDetector::Ptr)

	/*! Define x and y offset of matches, it's in the coordinate of template,
	* which means if the match result scales, the offsets scales; if the match result rotates, the offset rotates.
	*/
	void setOffset(float x, float y) {
		setXOffset(x);
		setYOffset(y);
	}

	/*! Train the detector with a provided image.
	*  @param templateImg the template image for training, a gray image is preferred, otherwise we'll convert it to gray
	*  @param pMask the mask for which pixels should be excluded
	*  @return true for successfully trained, false for failure, say no key point is detected in the training image.
	*/
	virtual bool train(const Mat& templateImg, const Mat* pMask = nullptr);

	/** @overload */
	virtual bool train(const Mat& templateImg, const vector<Point2f>& roi); // train the template within given ROI

	/*! Tell whether this detector is trained or not, see also train()
	*  @return true for already trained
	*/
	virtual bool isTrained();

	/* ! Reset the detector as never trained
	*/
	virtual void reset();

	/*! Prune training result via provided key point list which should be removed from template
	*  @param kpPruneList indexes of key points
	*  @return true if succeed
	*/
	virtual bool prune(const Mat& templateImg, const vector<int>& kpPruneList);

	/*! Get the trained center of trained template, it's the anchor point of rotation
	*  @return center
	*/
	virtual Point2f templateCenter();

	/*! Detect the best matching instance using the detector.
	*  @param img input image for detection
	*  @param bestPattern output pose of the best instance: x, y (without offset), angle (in degree), scale
	*  @param allScores output, represent the matching score distribution of the entire image,
	*         pass null if you don't want it
	*  @param mask input mask for exclude some pixel from detection
	*  @return score of the best one, 0 if we found nothing good
	*/
	virtual float detectBest(const Mat& img,
		Vec4f& bestPattern,
		Mat* allScores = nullptr,
		Mat* mask = nullptr
	);

	/** @overload */
	virtual float detectBest(const Mat& img, const vector<Point2f>& roi,
		Vec4f& bestPattern,
		Mat* allScores = nullptr
	);

	/** @overload */
	virtual float detectBest(const Mat& img, DetectRoi& droi,
		Vec4f& bestPattern,
		Mat* allScores = nullptr
	);

	/*! Detect multiple best matching instances using the detector.
	*  @param img input image for detection
	*  @param bestPatterns output pose of several best instances: x, y (without offset), angle (in degree), scale
	*  @param bestScores output scores of several best instances
	*  @param allScores output, represent the matching score distribution of the entire image,
	*         pass null if you don't want it
	*  @param minCount expected minimum count of the found instances
	*  @param maxCount expected maximum count of the found instances
	*  @param mask input mask for exclude some pixel from detection
	*  @return count of the found instances, it may below minCount but wouldn't exceed maxCount. return 0 if we found nothing good.
	*/
	virtual int detectMulti(const Mat& img,
		vector<Vec4f>* bestPatterns,
		vector<float>* bestScores,
		Mat* allScores = nullptr,
		int minCount = 0,
		int maxCount = 10,
		Mat* mask = nullptr
	);
	
	/** @overload */
	virtual int detectMulti(const Mat& img, const vector<Point2f>& roi,
		vector<Vec4f>* bestPatterns,
		vector<float>* bestScores,
		Mat* allScores,
		int minCount,
		int maxCount
	);

	/** @overload */
	virtual int detectMulti(const Mat& img, DetectRoi& droi,
		vector<Vec4f>* bestPatterns,
		vector<float>* bestScores,
		Mat* allScores,
		int minCount,
		int maxCount
	);

	/*! Draw pattern on the provided image
	*  @param img on what we should draw
	*  @param pose the detected pose got from detectBest: x, y, angle (in degree), scale
	*  @param withDir true if draw the key points' direction, false for singe points
	*  @param factor to scale canvas for easy identification, default to 1.0 means no scale
	*  @param colorPeak color for the key points, default to random color
	*  @param colorDir color for the direction path, default to random color
	*  @return canvas
	*/
	virtual Mat drawPattern(const Mat& img, const Vec4f& pose, bool withDir = false, float factor = 1.0,
		Scalar colorPeak = gDummyScalar, Scalar colorDir = gDummyScalar);
	/*! Draw pattern on a transparent canvas, align to the center, without scale
	*  @param pose the detected pose got from detectBest: x, y, angle (in degree), scale
	*  @param withDir true if draw the key points' direction, false for singe points
	*  @param colorPeak color for the key points, default to random color
	*  @param colorDir color for the direction path, default to random color
	*  @return canvas
	*/
	virtual Mat drawPattern(const Vec4f& pose, bool withDir = false,
		Scalar colorPeak = gDummyScalar, Scalar colorDir = gDummyScalar);
	/*! Draw pattern on a transparent canvas, with provided width and height, and provided shift, without scale
	*  @param pose the detected pose got from detectBest: x, y, angle (in degree), scale
	*  @param w width of the result canvas
	*  @param h height of the result canvas
	*  @param shifts shifts of the instance position
	*  @param withDir true if draw the key points' direction, false for singe points
	*  @param colorPeak color for the key points, default to random color
	*  @param colorDir color for the direction path, default to random color
	*  @return canvas
	*/
	virtual Mat drawPattern(const Vec4f& pose, int w, int h, Point2f shifts, bool withDir = false,
		Scalar colorPeak = gDummyScalar, Scalar colorDir = gDummyScalar);
	/*! Draw patterns on the provided image
	*  @param img on what we should draw
	*  @param poses the detected poses got from detectMulti: x, y, angle (in degree), scale
	*  @param withDir true if draw the key points' direction, false for singe points
	*  @param factor to scale canvas for easy identification, default to 1.0 means no scale
	*  @param colorPeak color for the key points, default to random color
	*  @param colorDir color for the direction path, default to random color
	*  @return canvas
	*/
	virtual Mat drawPatterns(const Mat& img, const vector<Vec4f>& poses, bool withDir = false, float factor = 1.0,
		Scalar colorPeak = gDummyScalar, Scalar colorDir = gDummyScalar);
	/*! Draw patterns on a transparent canvas, with provided width and height, and provided shift, without scale
	*  @param poses the detected pose got from detectMulti: x, y, angle (in degree), scale
	*  @param w width of the result canvas
	*  @param h height of the result canvas
	*  @param shifts shifts of the instance position
	*  @param withDir true if draw the key points' direction, false for singe points
	*  @param colorPeak color for the key points, default to random color
	*  @param colorDir color for the direction path, default to random color
	*  @return canvas
	*/
	virtual Mat drawPatterns(const vector<Vec4f>& poses, int w, int h, Point2f shifts, bool withDir = false,
		Scalar colorPeak = gDummyScalar, Scalar colorDir = gDummyScalar);

	/*! Represent the pattern of provided pose with patches of lines showing couture's direction
	*  @param pose the detected pose got from detectMulti or detectBest: x, y, angle (in degree), scale
	*  @param dirLen individual line's length, 0 ~ 5.0, negative value means we'll get an automatic value
	                 according to the distribution of template's key points.
	*/
	virtual std::vector<Vec4f> getPatternAsLines(const Vec4f& pose, float dirLen = 0);

	/*! Represent the pattern of provided pose with key points
	*  @param pose the detected pose got from detectMulti or detectBest: x, y, angle (in degree), scale
	*  @return coarseKps return the key points: x, y (int original image size), and angle
	*/
	virtual std::vector<Vec4f> getPatternAsPoints(const Vec4f& pose);

	/*! Generate the required position applied the offset setting
	*  @param result the detected pose got from detectBest or detectMulti.
	*  @return position applied the offset setting
	*/
	virtual Point2f getOffsetCenter(const Vec4f& result);

private:
	void genPeakPattenPack(PeakPatternParamPack& pack, PeakAlgoAccLevel defaultAccLevel);

	virtual bool serialize(FileStorage& fs);
	virtual bool deserialize(const FileNode& fs);

private:
	PatternDescriptor::Ptr mpTemplateDesc;

	CyclopsLock mDescLock;
	static CyclopsLock mDetectMutex;
};

#endif // PatternDetector_h_